noun. She wants to write in a sentence, upper- and lowercase letters. Is that correct? Are you confident enough to answer the question, To hyphenate or not to hyphenate?. In the second example, the en dash falls between the second and third words in the compound adjective to indicate that based is modified by the two previous words. The recent setback in the stock market has kept economic policy top of mind for voters. English for example, is not "written as it is read", meaning letters do not represent definitive sounds and they pronounced differently depending on context. Its a peace-of-mind response. Note the space that appears between the word, and, and the hyphen after the word, long. Regarding hyphens in adverb-adjective phrases, you twice used a hyphen in phrases starting with well when its unnecessary (although quite common): well-advised hyphens (in Rule 5) and well-known expressions (in Rule 11). If the noun comes first, we usually leave the hyphen out. The definitive answer is: it's complicated. Grammarly Updated on May 23, 2023 Grammar What is a hyphen? Associated Press (AP) style is the go-to English style and usage guide for journalism and news writing, such as magazines and newspapers. In the sentence Its a matter of fact that the car ran a red light, matter of fact is functioning as a noun phrase. Also, do not hyphenate when the first word is an adverb ending in -ly, as in, a radically different design. In the second set, the hyphens seem a little excessive. The compound adjective gluten-friendly uses a hyphen. I frequently see the phrase long-term care facility. However, Im sure that there should be a hyphen between term and care. Do you agree? Exceptions to this would be compounds with an adverb ending in -ly; they would not be hyphenated before or after a noun. Yes, the correct spelling depends on how the phrase is used in a sentence. . If so, is the other word a participle? This was a quick overview, so there are other examples and exceptions out there, but this general information should help you feel more confident in your understanding of hyphens and when to use them. How do you correctly hyphenate adjectival color descriptions such as the following: Jessica pointed to the pillar that sported words in happy, bright blue and white lettering. Should it be hyphenated like this: bright-blue-and-white lettering? Sorry, but it will always be editor-in-chief for me. When using all as part of a compound, use a hyphen if the compound is adjectival and leave the compound open if it is adverbial. You will improve your English in only 5 minutes per day, guaranteed! But if placed against a wall and threatened with _______________ (fill in the blank with something really, really horrible), then I would go WITH the hyphens. Robust, real-time communication assistance, Write, rewrite, get ideas, and quickly reply with GrammarlyGO, Features to polish, grammar, tone, clarity, team consistency, and more, Writing assistance on 500,000+ apps and sites across your devices, For desktop apps and websites like Word and Gmail, For sites like Google Docs, Gmail, and LinkedIn, Check for grammar, spelling, and punctuation mistakes, Format citations in APA, MLA, and Chicago, What Is an Object Complement in Grammar? Adverbs answer the questions how, where, or when. This is an example of a predicative compound adjective. What is true is that adverbs ending in -ly are not hyphenated. ), Yes. Able to be surpassed; able to be overcome. Copyright by Jane Straus/GrammarBook.com. This sentence is referring to a mistake in a pub name (The Cat-and-Dog). This premium-grade honey is made using cold-extraction methods. Any advice you could give would be most appreciated. Can you explain this a little further? My question is does this only apply when used as an adjective? Write well-above-average rate of accuracy.. Material created by Jane Straus and GrammarBook.com. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. The rule for hyphenating one-storey is understood, but please clarify if the hyphen is applicable when describing one or more hyphenswhich is corrent: Option #1) the home is surrounded by one- and two-storey buildings. or OPTION #2) the home is surrounded by one and two-storey buildings., Just to clarify the above commentmy question is which option is correct, Option 1 or Option 2(i.e. Include a hyphen when its necessary to avoid awkwardness or confusion. In most cases it is compound adjectivesadjectives that act as one idea with other adjectivesthat get hyphenated in front of nouns. And a final note All this is superseded by the rule that if the meaning is unclear, confusing or misleading without a hyphen, add a hyphen! But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. to show how a lack of hyphenation can result in a lack of clarity: common law mirror image rule. For those hyphens to be correct, the writer of that sentence would need something like: Once it's all said and done, you'll have a peace-of-mind situation knowing . A hyphen (-) is a punctuation mark that's used to join words or parts of words. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. This really just depends on the situation. In Xoic's example of a "next-of-kin form," the next-of-kin is combined to create a single adjective. I have also hyphenated above-referenced transaction, for example. Example: The fully loaded pen, his fully edited copy. The Chicago Manual of Style advises keeping the word closed if listed as such in Websters Dictionary. The hyphen should not be confused with dashes, which are longer and have different uses, or with the minus sign, which is also longer in some contexts. Heres a primer on when you should (and shouldnt) hyphenate words. If it appears after a noun (the girl who is red haired), no hyphen is used. It appears that the term hair fall is equivalent to the American term hair loss. He was depressed and in a confused state of mind. But do so only before the noun: "a writer who is well trained.". In each CMOS case you cited, the ly words are adverbs in that they are modifying adjectives or a verb. Having explored the uses of the em-dash and the en-dash, we now come to the most commonly known of the dash punctuation marks: the hyphen. The term U.S.-born would probably be more commonly phrased born in the U.S.. a one-twenty-sixth share. 5 What is peace mind? Dont insert a hyphen in compound modifiers that come after a noun. The hyphenated form (top-of-mind) is standard when this adjective is placed immediately before the noun it modifies. (hyphenate) Im going to 8th period. Sometimes, prefixes youd expect to be closed up to the root word are hyphenated, because closing them up would cause confusion with identical words with distinct meanings. Your rule on hyphens number 4 has an example of friendly-looking man. Here, need to know, which, if it were to stand alone (as in You dont need to know), would not require hyphens, merits them because the words together describe the type of basis in question, so the phrase serves as a phrasal adjective: We apparently will be informed on a need-to-know basis. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? In the first example, the prefix anti- modifies money laundering, a two-word noun phrase, which in turn modifies regulations. Some words beginning with co- ( co-chair) and pro- ( pro-choice) just look wrong . In these posts, I sometimes note exceptions to American English, but it would be intrusive to always to so and to invariably include a disclaimer that I write, speak, and almost always refer to AE. the state of a persons cognitive processes. As 2 words or 1 or hypen. On a different topic, I absolutely abhor the American English practice of arbitrarily placing commas and periods within the scope of quotation marks, even when the functional use of the punctuation is for the sentence, not the quote. (If I ever learned it, I dont recall). This may make words harder to read when hyphenated. You could write not so happy, meaning The baby in the picture is not so happy. Hyphens would be used if you were using the phrase as a compound adjective along with the noun baby, a not-so-happy baby.. (See our Rules for Writing Numbers.) Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Dont divide proper nouns or proper adjectives, such as Missouri or Canadian. Picking the right words to connect is a little harder. Hes in hospital, and in a confused state of mind. Whether you use hyphens or not depends on whether you are using the phrase as a compound adjective or not: That brings me great peace of mind. See also: mind, of, top Your email address will not be published. She claims the hyphen should be between hair and loss. Keep in mind, though, a convention that has arisen in which permanent open compounds, words that have been bonded together to form perpetual concepts, like "income tax" or "ice . Many people treat these artificially preserved throwbacks incorrectly the first and last compounds are often erroneously closed, and the hyphen is frequently omitted and a letter space inserted in the second and third ones and why shouldnt they? But it really would be more fun to have a sentence with five consecutive occurrences of the word and. How do you use state of mind in a sentence? You'll also get three bonus ebooks completely free! Actually, until well into the twentieth century, cooperate was hyphenated, and featured an umlaut over the second o co-perate to clarify the pronunciation. It is important to remember that when helping a child pick out a costume or when choosing one for the grownups, safety should be top of mind. She seems quite happy-go-lucky. After some time, they may become hyphenated, like freeze-dried. Again, a good dictionary is the best place to find out how to treat compoundsif the compound isnt in the dictionary, that means it should be open. In re: the whole Editor in Chief discussion, I prefer the hyphens; however, I am not against the non-hyphenated version. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. Honda Certified Used Car I believe the word Honda is a proper noun. Does bright describe the blue color, both colors, or the letters? it is most ofen used in the contet of all staff in the facility. This is called a compound adjective. Therefore, both terms should be hyphenated when they appear before a noun. Learn more about our editing services or contact us. (See Rule 1 of Hyphens.). For example, there would be no hyphen in he is in the first grade.. For example, should you write nearly-extinct wolves or nearly extinct wolves? Yes, this is absolutely correct, but many of my colleagues refuse to hyphenate sea-level rise. Even the International Panel on Climate Change in their most recent report (AR5) documents failed to correctly hyphenate sea-level rise in its work even though a commenter pointed out that this is the correct way to write it: https://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar5/wg2/drafts/WGIIAR5_SODCh5_annotation.pdf. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. These would all make fine compound adjectives, but don't hyphenate them unless they are adjectives! To use the examples from earlier, you would say Hes a well-known leader and Hes a leader who is well known. Or, That was a high-quality performance and That performance was high quality. See the difference? "-minded" combines with adverbs to form adjectives that indicate that someone is interested in a particular subject or is able . Unless the first part is a prefix (such as pre-, anti- or co-), both words should be capitalised the same way. The en dash connects the three-word phrase antimoney laundering, to distinguish these regulations from laundering regulations which are anti-money. I assure you that privacy issues are a top-of-mind priority for our company. Sentence Examples Talking to Japanese companies however, reform in shareholder friendliness and increased balance sheet efficiency are still very much top of mind. bibliolept Senior Member Northern California AE, Espaol Jan 2, 2009 #2 Your hyphens are fine; however, our Rule 1 of Commas recommends placing a comma after four-., On your hyphen quiz your used the wording seventh grade reading material. There can be more than one meaning to this phrase. Do you mean more experienced employees (more employees with experience) or more-experienced employees (employees with more experience)? The hyphens main job is to connect two or more things that are closely related, usually words that work together as a single concept (a compound term), or that serve as a joint modifier (a phrasal adjective). Attributive compound adjectives are hyphenated. I was hoping you would explain to me how the rules for hyphens would apply when using the term my not so private life as the subject of an email. Close minded is correct. Is that correct? However, until dictionaries respond to the attainment of a tipping point where most people are writing such terms incorrectly, these words should be hyphenated. Not so. If the term comes before a noun (the red-haired girl), it is hyphenated. Therefore, two- and three-story roofs is correct. But Sams brother is hearing impaired. TheFreeDictionary top of mind (redirected from top-of-mind) top of mind Occupying one's foremost attention or concern. On the one hand, thats just silly: dictionaries just print what people do, so if everyone hyphenates because thats whats in (your!) Use a hyphen with the reflexive prefix self-. One-word simple fractions (such as half and quarter) as part of a compound are not joined by hyphens to the other word or words of the compound in its noun form, however. The not as amusing way, but a clear way, to do it would be to use italics and say (we are going to assume the word and in the name is not capitalized): I wanted spaces, not hyphens, between the word Cat and the word and and between the word and and the word Dog. Since the word is not listed in Websters, write hospital-wide. Except for "cooperate" and "coordinate," use a hyphen if the prefix ends in a vowel and the word that follows begins with the same vowel. We also urge you to consider which English variant youre using Australian, British and US English differ slightly and follow any hyphenation instructions in your in-house style guide. In the first two examples, the second part of the compound adjective (Screen and Office) starts with an uppercase letter. Hyphenating Between Words | The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation. One is an adjective that modifies the noun third, so why hyphenate them unless theyre linking to modify a noun (one-third full)? All Rights Reserved | Site by PixelFish, Were actively embracing generative AI and excited by its potential. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. The hyphenated form (top-of-mind) is standard when this adjective is placed immediately before the noun it modifies. I have always hyphenated fully-executed settlement statement but Word keeps wanting to correct it without the hyphen. Hyphenate when two or more words are coming together to act as a single adjective before a noun. The adjective (again a compound of high and quality) comes after the noun (wardrobe). (A rare case of a similar pair with a prefix other than re- is unionized/un-ionized. One does not hyphenate words ending in ly. Thank you. When writing a paragraph, and a hyphen is what fits on the line and what it hyphenates fits at the start of the next line, do we drop the hyphen? Have I been typing it wrong all these years? Required fields are marked *. Andrea . Seventy-six-year-old is a compound adjective and does not require an s. Also note the need for a second hyphen, after year. Open compounds are typically made up of two nouns that are used together to represent a single idea. Others are hyphenated, like father-in-law and over-the-counter. 9 Which is the best definition of top of mind? Index and linked must be hyphenated as they are a combination of a noun and participle. Comparative words include higher, lower, faster and grumpier. Thank you. 4 How do you use the phrase on top of mind? Please let me know. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Sign up to receive the FREE weekly GrammarBook.com E-Newsletter. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. We have other uses for the hyphen, such as to demarcate the groupings of a phone number, e.g., 867-5309. The humble hyphen might just be a tiny stroke on a page, but it has the power to change the meaning of a sentence depending on its placement. One. Finally, dont forget to place a hyphen between all elements of a fraction acting as a compound adjective, e.g. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Others, such as secretary-general (the title of the head of the United Nations), retain this form as a holdover from a time when hyphenation of compound nouns was rampant, though technically, general is an adjective modifying secretary (as in the example of president-elect, below). I have a question about use of hyphens with the suffix free as for example toll-free, rent-free. Generally, you need the hyphen only if the two or more words are functioning together as an adjective before the noun theyre describing. Which is the best definition of top of mind? ( Selfish and selfless, as well as the unfortunate unselfconscious, are exceptions with self-.) Is everything hyphenated, as in non-owner-occupied housing? Ex: Im in 8th-period calculus. So: highly efficient system not highly-efficient system carefully laid plans not carefully-laid plans. My colleagues thought no.2 was wrong and would put these revenues are index linked. Hyphens can also help our writing become clearer. I want to have this phrase deconstructed according to the rules. On the other hand, you could just get a better dictionary: mine lists byproduct and mindset in closed form and life form and light year open. Here's a primer on when you should (and shouldn't) hyphenate words. 1. So you just have to memorize which compound words are treated which way. I assure you that privacy issues are a top-of-mind priority for our company. (LogOut/ Heres an example from Richard Wydicks Plain English for Lawyers, 5th ed. adjective. Our Rule 4 of Hyphens states, Generally, hyphenate between two or more adjectives when they come before a noun and act as a single idea. Your sentence is correct as written.
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